Gene–environment interaction study on the polygenic risk score for neuroticism, childhood adversity, and parental bonding

Abstract The present study examines whether neuroticism is predicted by genetic vulnerability, summarized as polygenic risk score for (PRS N ), in interaction with bullying, parental bonding, and childhood adversity. Data were derived from a general population adolescent young adult twin cohort. final sample consisted of 202 monozygotic 436 dizygotic twins 319 pairs. Short Eysenck Personality questionnaire was used to measure neuroticism. PRS trained on the results Genetics Consortium (GPC) United Kingdom Biobank (UKB) cohorts, yielding two different . Multilevel mixed-effects models analyze main interacting associations , adversity, bonding style We found no evidence gene–environment correlation. thresholds .005 .2 chosen, based GPC UKB datasets, respectively. After correction confounders, all individual variables associated expression neuroticism: both UKB, maternal paternal bullying primary school secondary school. However, indicated this These suggest that vulnerability one hand negative life events (childhood adversity bullying) positive (optimal bonding) other represent noninteracting pathways